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Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Vitamin B-2, otherwise known as riboflavin, is readily absorbed from
foods, such as meat, dairy products, and fortified grains. This vitamin
is essential to energy generation, nerve development, blood cell
development, and the regulation of certain hormones.
How This Vitamin Works in Your Body:
Releasing food energy
Normal growth and development
Keeps healthy mucous membranes linings together with vitamin A
Keeps healthy brain and nervous system, skin, hair, and blood cells
Essential for iron,
pyridoxine, and
niacin functions
Could increase growth of body during development stages
The following may benefit from this Vitamin:
People with needed nutritional supplements
Pregnant or breastfeeding women
Substance abusers
People with excess stress or who have undergone recent surgery
Hyperthyroidism sufferers
Participants in vigorous physical activity
Where This Vitamin is Found:
Bananas
Beef liver
Dairy products
Eggs
Enriched breads
Fortified cereals
Ham
Mixed vegetables
Pork
Tuna
Wheat germ
How to Use:
Available as:
Liquid: the best form due to its high bioavailability and fast
absorption. Always choose liquid as your first choice when supplementing
your diet.
Tablets:
available
Recommended Daily Intakes
Men: 1.3 mg
Women: 1.1 mg
Pregnancy: 1.4 mg
Lactation: 1.6 mg
Cautions:
Consult your doctor if you have:
Are or planning to be pregnant.
Over 55:
Increased need for riboflavin.
Pregnancy:
Keep within DRI.
Breastfeeding:
Keep within DRI.
Storage:
Heat and/or moisture may alter the vitamin. Refrigeration is
recommended.
Symptoms of Deficiency:
Symptoms include red, swollen, cracked mouth and tongue; fatigue;
depression; anemia; and greasy, scaly skin. The formation of
cataracts
may be a result of this vitamin deficiency.
Overdose:
Signs of Overdose:
None expected in individuals with normal kidney functioning. However, in
rare cases, symptoms may be itching, numbness, a burning sensation, or
light sensitivity.
Side Effects:
Reaction or effect : What to do
Yellow urine (in large doses) : No needed action.
Interactions:
Interacts with : Combined effect
Antidepressants (tricyclic) : Reduces B-2 efficacy.
Phenothiazines : Reduces B-2 efficacy.
Probenecid : Reduces B-2 efficacy.
Alcohol/Tobacco products : Reduces B-2 efficacy.
Acidophilus (Lactobacillus)
Blue-Green Algae (Spirulina,
Spirulina Maxima) Spirulina Platensis
Calcium (Calcium citrate) Calcium
Gluconate)
Choline
Chondroitin Sulfate
Coenzyme Q (CoQ, Ubiquinoe, Coenzyme
Q10)
Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)
Creatine
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
Desiccated Liver (Dessicated Liver)
Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA) Evening
Primrose Oil)
Ginkgo Biloba (Ginkgoaceae)
Ginseng (Asian, American, Korean,
Chinese, Panax, Quinquefolius)
Inositol (Myoinositol)
Iron (Ferrous Sulfate)
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Jojoba (Goatnut, Simmondsia Chinensis)
L-Carnitine
Lecithin (Phosphatidylcholine)
Magnesium
Melatonin
Omega 3 Fatty Acids
Para-Aminobenzoic Acid (PABA)
Potassium (Potassium Chloride,
Trikates)
Pregnenolone
Royal Jelly
Vitamin B-1 (Thiamine)
Vitamin B-2 (Riboflavin)
Vitamin B-3 (Niacin)
Vitamin B-5 (Pantothenic Acid)
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Vitamin B-6 (Pyridoxine, pyridoxal
phosphate)
Vitamin B-9 (Folic Acid) Folate,
Pteroyiglutamic Acid) Folacin)
Vitamin B-12 (Cyanocobalamin)
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
Vitamin D (cholecalciferol, sunshine
vitamin)
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)
Vitamin H (Biotin)
Vitamin K (Phytonadione)
Vitamin P (Bioflavonoids,
Phytochemicals) |
Riboflavin
Deficiency Increases Risk of Preeclampsia
Riboflavin (vitamin
B2) deficiency can increase the risk of preeclampsia by nearly fivefold
in pregnant women already at high risk of developing this complication.
- Researchers examined the link between riboflavin
deficiency and preeclampsia prospectively in 154 women already at
high risk of this pregnancy complication.
- The incidence of riboflavin deficiency during the
study was 33.8%, where 27.3% of women were riboflavin-deficient at
the first antenatal visit and 53.3% were deficient by the last weeks
of pregnancy.
- Riboflavin deficiency significantly increased the
risk of preeclampsia almost 5-fold.
- Intracellular free flavin adenine dinucleotide
(FAD) levels were also significantly lower in women who developed
preeclampsia than in those who did not. FAD is an important coenzyme
synthesized from riboflavin.
Until more
information is available, the authors recommend maintaining normal
riboflavin levels in pregnant women. "In view of our findings and other
known disturbances in pregnancy associated with riboflavin deficiency,
an adequate riboflavin supply to pregnant women should be a goal," Dr.
Johannes Fruhauf, of University Women's Hospital, in Mannheim, Germany,
and colleagues say in the report.
Obstet Gynecol
2000;96:38-44
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