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Hypopituitarism
Hypopituitarism is a disorder in which your
pituitary gland fails to produce one or more of its
hormones, or doesn't produce enough of them. A short
supply of one or more of these pituitary hormones
can affect any number of your body's routine
functions.
While physicians rarely diagnose
hypopituitarism, they should be aware of the signs and symptoms that
characterize this disorder. The pituitary gland plays a major role in
the endocrine system, linking the endocrine system and the CNS.
The pituitary is a small bean-shaped gland
located at the base of your brain, somewhat behind
your nose and between your ears. It's part of your
endocrine system, which consists of glands that
produce hormones that regulate processes throughout
your body. Besides the pituitary gland, the
endocrine system includes the thyroid gland,
parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas,
ovaries (in females) and testicles (in men).
Causes
Hypopituitarism is frequently triggered by a tumor of the pituitary
gland. Although pituitary tumors are usually noncancerous (benign), they
can increase in size. Because they grow in such limited space, they can
compress and damage pituitary tissue, interfering with hormone
production. A tumor can also compress the optic nerves, slowly causing a
loss of vision.
The cause of hypopituitarism can also be other diseases and events that
damage the pituitary, such as:
-
Head injuries
-
Brain surgery
-
Radiation
treatment
-
Stroke
-
Infections of the
brain, such as meningitis
-
Tuberculosis
-
An injury to the
mother during childbirth that is complicated by excessive blood loss
and low blood pressure
-
Autoimmune
inflammation, in which your immune system attacks healthy tissue
-
Some uncommon
diseases, such as sarcoidosis, which is an inflammatory disease
occurring in various organs, and histiocytosis X, in which abnormal
cells cause scarring in numerous parts of the body, such as the
lungs and bones
Diseases of the hypothalamus, a portion of the brain located just above
the pituitary, also can cause hypopituitarism. The hypothalamus produces
hormones of its own that directly affect the activity of the pituitary.
In some cases, the cause is unknown.
Hypopituitarism
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Disclaimer
This information is
provided for general medical education purposes only and
is not meant to substitute for the independent medical
judgment of a physician relative to diagnostic and
treatment options of a specific patient's medical
condition.
In no event will The DrEddyClinic.com be liable for any
decision made or action taken in reliance upon the
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