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High blood
pressure -
(hypertension)
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U | High blood pressure (hypertension) is
often called the silent killer because you can have it for years without
knowing it. Blood pressure is determined by the
amount of blood your heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood
flow in your arteries. Your blood pressure normally varies during the
day. It can even vary slightly with each beat of the heart. It increases
during activity and decreases with rest. Under new, stricter national blood
pressure guidelines issued in May 2003, a resting blood pressure reading
below 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) is normal. If your resting
blood pressure is consistently 140/90 mm Hg or higher, you have high
blood pressure. A reading in between these levels places you in the prehypertensive category. Under the new guidelines, a reading of 115/75
is the level above which your risk of cardiovascular complications
starts to increase. Many people may not view a blood
pressure above 115/75 as life-threatening because there are few, if any,
symptoms. But uncontrolled high blood pressure can increase your risk of
stroke, heart attack, heart failure and
kidney failure. Fortunately,
high blood pressure can be detected with a simple test — and once you
know you have high blood pressure, you can work with your doctor to
control it. Treatment
measures The treatment
measures are 1.Correction of
known risk factors
Smoking- should be stopped.
Obesity- calorie restricted diet.
Alcohol- intake should be moderate.
Salt- Moderate restriction (less than 5 gm/day).
Regular physical exercise. 2. Generally
used drugs are
A. Initial (first
line) drug therapy
Diuretics- If renal function is normal
ACE inhibitors
Calcium Channel Blockers
B.
Second line drugs
Beta-blockers
Alpha adrenergic agonist
High blood pressure
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Related Site:
Treatments
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