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Hemophilia
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HEART & BLOOD
Blood/Lymphatic System Hemophilia occurs when your body lacks
one of several clot-forming proteins called clotting factors. The result
is prolonged bleeding. Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder
characterized by a deficiency of selected proteins in your
blood-clotting system. Clotting is the process by which your blood
changes from a liquid to a solid state in order to stop bleeding.
The clotting process makes use of blood
particles called platelets and clot-forming proteins called clotting
factors. Your blood has 13 clotting factors, identified by roman
numerals, that are involved in the clotting process. Hemophilia occurs in three types — A, B
and C — depending on which clotting factor is deficient. All types can
cause prolonged bleeding. If you have hemophilia and you have a cut,
you'll bleed for a longer time than if your blood clotted normally.
Small cuts usually aren't much of a problem. The greater problem is deep
internal bleeding and bleeding into joints.
Complications
Complications may occur from the disease or from the treatment for the
disease:
Deep internal
bleeding.
Hemophilia may cause deep-muscle bleeding. Swelling of a limb may
press on nerves and lead to numbness or pain. This may result in a
reluctance to use the limb.
Damage to
joints.
Internal bleeding may also put pressure on and damage joints. Pain
sometimes may be severe, and you may be reluctant to use a limb or
move a joint. If bleeding occurs frequently and you don't receive
adequate treatment, the irritation may lead to destruction of the
joint or to the development of arthritis.
Infection.
People with hemophilia are more likely to receive blood transfusions
and are at greater risk of receiving contaminated blood products.
Until the mid-1980s, it was more common for people with hemophilia
to become infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or
with hepatitis through contaminated blood products. Since then,
blood products are much safer because of steps taken to purify and
screen the supply of donated blood. The risk of infection through
blood products has decreased substantially since the introduction of
genetically engineered clotting products called recombinant factors,
which are free of infection. However, it's still possible for people
who rely on blood products to contract other diseases. If you have
hemophilia, consider receiving immunization against hepatitis A and
B.
Adverse
reaction to clotting-factor treatment.
Some people with hemophilia develop proteins in their blood that
inactivate clotting factors used to treat bleeding.
Hemophilia
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Related Site:
Treatments
Treatments Programs:
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