Burning mouth syndrome - (BMS) - glossodynia (tongue pain) and stomatodynia (mouth pain)

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is characterized by a burning sensation in the mouth and/or tongue. Burning mouth syndrome is a complex, vexing condition in which a burning pain occurs on your tongue or lips, or over widespread areas involving your whole mouth without visible signs of irritation.

The disorder has long been associated with a variety of other conditions - including menopause, nutritional deficiencies and disorders of the mouth, such as thrush and dry mouth (xerostomia). More recently, some researchers have suggested dysfunctional or damaged nerves in the head as a possible cause. But the exact cause of burning mouth syndrome is often difficult to pin down.

• menopause
• Xerostomia

Treatment is highly individualized and depends on your particular symptoms and on the underlying cause or causes if they can be identified. Most people with burning mouth can decrease their symptoms through tailored, individualized treatment.

Signs and symptoms 

It generally occurs in middle-aged or older adults. But it may occur in younger people as well.

The main symptom of burning mouth syndrome is a burning sensation in your tongue, lips, gums, palate or throat. People with the syndrome may describe the sensation in the affected areas as hot or scalded, as if they had been burned with a hot liquid.

Other symptoms may include:

• Dry mouth

• Sore mouth

• A tingling or numb sensation in the mouth or on the tip of the tongue

• A bitter or metallic taste

Some people with burning mouth syndrome don't wake up with mouth pain, but find that the pain intensifies during the day and into the evening. Some awake with a constant daily pain, while others feel pain on and off throughout the day.

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