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Dermatitis/Eczema
Dermatitis, also called eczema, is an
inflammation of the skin. It can have many causes
and occur in many forms. Generally, dermatitis
describes swollen, reddened and itchy skin.
Causes
A
number of health conditions, allergies, genetic factors, physical and
mental stress, and irritants can cause dermatitis.
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Contact
dermatitis
results from direct contact with one of many irritants or allergens.
Common irritants include laundry soap, skin soaps or detergents, and
cleaning products. Possible allergens include rubber, metals such as
nickel, jewelry, perfume, cosmetics, hair dyes, weeds such as poison
ivy, and neomycin, a common ingredient in topical antibiotic creams.
It takes a larger amount over a longer time for an irritant to cause
dermatitis than it takes for an allergen. If you're sensitized to an
allergen, just brief exposure to a small amount of it can cause
dermatitis.
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Neurodermatitis
can occur when something such as a tight garment rubs or scratches
your skin. This irritation may lead you to rub or scratch your skin
repeatedly. Common locations include ankles, wrist, outer forearm or
arm, and the back of your neck.
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Seborrheic
dermatitis
is often an inherited tendency. It's common in people with oily skin
or hair, and it may come and go depending on the season of the year.
It may occur during times of stress or in people who have neurologic
conditions such as Parkinson's disease.
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Stasis
dermatitis
can occur when fluid accumulates in the tissues just beneath your
skin. The extra fluid initially thins out your skin and interferes
with your blood's ability to nourish your skin. Varicose veins and
other chronic conditions in your legs can cause fluid buildup.
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Atopic
dermatitis
often occurs with allergies and frequently runs in families in which
other family members have asthma or hay fever. It usually begins in
infancy and may vary in severity during childhood and adolescence.
It tends to become less of a problem in adulthood, unless you're
exposed to allergens or irritants in the workplace. The exact cause
of this disorder is unknown, but it may be due to a malfunction in
the body's immune system. Stress can exacerbate atopic dermatitis,
but it doesn't cause it.
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Perioral
dermatitis
may be a form of the skin disorder rosacea, adult
acne or seborrheic
dermatitis involving the skin around the mouth or nose. The exact
cause is unknown, but makeup, moisturizers or some dental products
may play a role.
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